The Myth of Global Science
نویسندگان
چکیده
Scientific collaboration, in most cases, is seen as a joint action on a global scale that involves researchers from not just one region or one country but instead forming an international network of researchers. This type of epistemic communities builds up especially in the case of analytical modes of knowledge production. Rationales for a global science system are needs for complementary resources in an increasingly specialized world. Further, information and communication technologies contributed to flatten the world for intense, yet spatially distant collaboration. Based on the large scale analysis of the production of scientific publications in six distinct technologies/scientific fields from 2004 to 2008 these notions have to be reconsidered. The collaboration probability is a power-law function of the distance between the participating authors: The higher the spatial proximity, the higher the chance of a jointly written paper, i.e. collaboration. Two main effects can be isolated: an intra-country effect with sharply decreasing probability with distance, and an inter-country effect that shows features of a random distributed distance function. The former effect out-competes the latter by a factorof around 50-100, depending on the distance. These empirical results are contradicting the belief of global science collaboration. And there are good arguments that the observed collaboration network structure may offer efficient global knowledge creation.
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